Out-Of-Band Management

Computer usage can be categorized into in-band and out-of-band (OOB) management. In-band management requires the necessary software to be installed within the operating system. When the computer boots up, the user must wait for the operating system to start before the software can be accessed and managed.

Out-of-band management, on the other hand, operates independently of the operating system, providing an alternative channel for managing or maintaining the device. This method becomes especially valuable in cases where the system is compromised, such as during a hacker attack or system file corruption.

If the in-band system is compromised, it can severely disrupt normal operations, leaving OOB management as the sole means of restoring functionality. OOB management works by transmitting signals or data outside the main data channel, which can activate hardware components like GPIOs, pins, or power switches. These components can then be used for various purposes, including troubleshooting or emergency recovery.